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Title:
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Uncertainty Analysis for Alternative Calibration Scenarios
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Abstract:
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Calibrations are performed to obtain an estimate of the value or bias of selected unit-under-test (UUT) attributes. In general, calibrations are not considered complete without statements of the uncertainty in these estimates. Developing these statements requires accounting for all relevant sources of measurement error and assembling these errors in a way that yields viable uncertainty estimates. Frequently, there is confusion regarding which error sources to include and how to assemble them. Much of this confusion can be eliminated by both a rigorous examination of the objective of each UUT attribute calibration and a consideration of the corresponding measurement configuration or “scenario.”
In this paper, the calibration of UUT attributes is examined within the context of several scenarios. Each scenario yields a calibration result and a description of measurement process errors that accompany this result. This information is summarized and then employed to obtain an uncertainty estimate in the calibration result. The approach taken is one in which the uncertainty estimate can be applied to estimate measurement decision risk, UUT attribute bias and in-tolerance probability. Examples are given to illustrate concepts and procedures.
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