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Title:
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VNA Calibration Accuracy Improvement Using the Weighted Least Squares Method
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Topic Group:
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Calibration Intervals, Out of Tolerance, and Accuracy
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Abstract:
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Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) calibration accuracy is a function of the accuracy of the calibration standards and the calibration method employed. Advances in precision manufacturing technology made it possible to design and manufacture very accurate calibration standards. It has reached a technological limit. Further improvements in this area is not financially feasible. The need for better measurement accuracy still persist, driven by the need for better yield in component manufacturing, more accurate device modeling and more consistent system plug and play. Any further VNA calibration accuracy improvements need to come from more accurate calibration methods. One of the new advances in VNA calibration is the weighted least squares method. Over-determined statistical based methods for calibrating a VNA are getting more attention in recent years, especially in the national metrology laboratory community. This paper will present a detail analysis of this method and will show how the uncertainties of this calibration method compare with the more traditional calibration methods, such as the Open-Short-Load method. Also, a comparison to the least squares method will be made. Results of different uncertainty analysis approaches will be examined as well.
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