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key words: X-rays, radioscopy, computed tomography, metrology, dimensional measuring, image enhancement, registration, image processing, sensor fusion Radioscopy has become one of the most powerful tools in the field of non-destructive testing for industrial material inspection since the discovery of X-rays by Conrad Wilhelm Röntgen in the year 1895. In particular the method of computed tomography, well known in medical diagnostics for already many decades, has become an important tool also in industrial non-destructive testing applications within the last ten years. Improved equipment like more sensitive x-ray detectors or better x-ray generation and advanced algorithms for both data reconstruction as well as artefact reduction has enabled the computed tomography for a powerful tool to solve complex tasks in the field of dimensional measurement. Compared to the well known standard methods like optical or tactile measurements, the computed tomography will supply the complete volume, i.e. hidden structures will become available for dimensional evaluation or even rapid prototyping or reverse engi-neering. This paper therefore will present the application of computed tomography in the field of metrology, discussing the different ways of data acquisition, volume reconstruction and reduction of artefacts to prepare the results for subsequent CAD data comparison. Furthermore the future opportunities and challenges for this new technology will be demonstrated. In detail, fan beam and cone beam reconstructions will be compared, volume data en-hancement by Iterative Artefact Reduction (IAR) presented, methods for surface extrac-tion demonstrated and the research results for determining quality effecting parameters as well as the measurement uncertainty in computed tomography will be addressed and discussed. Apart from the determination of the measurement uncertainty the improvement of the image quality is the subject of current research in order to establish CT as a measuring device. Finally some results of industrial applications are shown and the limitations as well as the future challenges for this still young and emerging technology are presented. |
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